Repenser la citoyenneté. Race et genre dans les révolutions hispano-américaines

This essay aims at reconsidering the issue of gender in Spanish America during the independence movements. Considering the strong relationship between gender and race, which was often underlined by the contemporaries, the article will build on the more recent studies on people from African descent to illustrate the means employed by women to claim their rights and change their position in the society. In theory women were excluded from citizenship rights for their dependant situation towards their pater familia. Yet they used the new constitutional laws and the spaces of maneuver that were opened by the legal systems in order to engage in legal actions and claim their rights.